Caracterización de Parámetros Eléctricos Asociados a Pérdidas Técnicas en una Instalación Eléctrica Trifásica de Baja Tensión
Palabras clave:
armónicos, corriente, desequilibrio, distorsión, pérdidasResumen
Las instalaciones eléctricas trifásicas de baja tensión con cargas monofásicas y electrónicas pueden presentar distribución desigual de corriente, circulación de corriente por el neutro y distorsión armónica, condiciones relacionadas con el incremento de pérdidas resistivas. El objetivo fue caracterizar los parámetros eléctricos asociados a pérdidas técnicas en una instalación trifásica de baja tensión. Se desarrolló un estudio cuantitativo, no experimental, observacional, longitudinal y de alcance descriptivo, mediante registros continuos obtenidos con un analizador Fluke 1775 durante siete días de operación habitual. La fase B presentó la mayor corriente media, con 42,4 A, y potencia activa media, con 4,67 kW, mientras que el neutro registró 21,9 A. La THD media de corriente varió entre 38,2 % y 51,1 %, frente a valores de THD de tensión entre 1,3 % y 1,9 %. Los resultados evidenciaron una distribución no uniforme de carga acompañada de contenido armónico y circulación de corriente por el neutro. Se concluye que estas condiciones están asociadas con mayores pérdidas resistivas, aunque los datos disponibles no permiten cuantificar directamente la energía disipada.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Gualotuña-Vargas, René Darío, Campoverde-Novoa, Bryan Antonio, Noquez-Legña, Erik Thomas (Autor/a)
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