Composición bromatológica y valor energético de las hojas de cinco especies vegetales de la amazonia ecuatoriana
Palabras clave:
Composición proximal, hojas comestibles, proteína bruta, región amazónicaResumen
Las hojas de plantas silvestres representan recursos nutricionales poco estudiados, a pesar de su potencial para diversificar la dieta y fortalecer la seguridad alimentaria. El presente estudio determinó la composición bromatológica y el valor energético de las hojas de Anthurium pastazanum, Hypolepis hostilis, Piper peltatum, Manihot esculenta y Carica monoica, recolectadas en la provincia de Pastaza, Ecuador. Se analizó el contenido de humedad, cenizas, proteína bruta, grasa bruta, fibra bruta, carbohidratos totales y energía total según los procedimientos establecidos por la Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Los resultados mostraron diferencias importantes entre especies. Hypolepis hostilis destacó por su alto contenido de proteína bruta (43,69%) y cenizas totales (9,48 %) en base seca, mientras que Piper peltatum registró valores altos de energía total (394,68 kcal/100 g) y contenido de grasa (6,99%). Anthurium pastazanum obtuvo el mayor contenido de fibra bruta (26,05%) y Carica monoica el mayor valor de carbohidratos totales (54,24 %). La humedad varió entre 68,25% y 83,82%, lo que influyó en la densidad nutricional expresada en base fresca. Las especies evaluadas poseen perfiles nutricionales diferentes que respaldan su uso tradicional y potencial como complemento alimentario. Este estudio aporta una base de referencia científica para futuras investigaciones sobre el aprovechamiento de estos recursos vegetales amazónicos en sistemas alimentarios sostenibles.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Viáfara-Banguera, Derwin, Reyes-Mera, Jorge Julio, Paredes-Ulloa, Christopher Oswaldo, Caicedo-Quinche, Willam Orlando (Autor/a)
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